Dynamical properties of Fermi-Fermi mixtures of dipolar and non-dipolar atoms

Abstract

Dynamical properties of homogeneous Fermi-Fermi mixtures of dipolar and non-dipolar atoms are studied at zero temperature, where dipoles are polarized by an external field. We calculate the density-density correlation functions in a ring-diagram approximation and analyze the pole structure to obtain eigenfrequencies of collective excitations. We first determine stability phase diagrams for the mixtures available in experiments: $^{167}$Er-$^{173}$Yb, $^{167}$Er-$^{6}$Li, $^{161}$Dy-$^{173}$Yb, and $^{161}$Dy-$^{6}$Li systems, and show that the mixtures with larger mass imbalance tend to be more unstable. We then investigate the parameter dependence of an undamped zero sound with an anisotropic real dispersion relation in the stable phase for the $^{161}$Dy-$^{173}$Yb mixture, and the speed of sound exhibits a critical angle of possible propagation with respect to the dipole polarization direction, above which the sound mode disappears in the particle-hole continuum. Since the sound mode is a coherent superposition of density fluctuations of dipolar and non-dipolar atoms, the existence of the sound mode, e.g., the value of the critical angle, is significantly affected by the inter-particle interaction through the density-density correlation between dipolar and non-dipolar atoms. We have also observed such an effect of the inter-particle interaction in the study of a linear response of density fluctuations to an external perturbation.