Plasma-Plasma Third Order Phase Transition from type IIB Supergravity

Abstract

We show that the planar, charged black hole in AdS, dual to the strongly coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma thermal state of large $N$, $SU(N)$, $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills at finite chemical potential undergoes a third-order phase transition in the grand canonical ensemble to a hairy black hole of type IIB supergravity. The hairy phase is another strongly coupled fluid with a conformal equation of state and can be interpreted as another kind of Quark-Gluon plasma. This new Quark-Gluon plasma has less entropy and, therefore, seems to characterize some form of smooth hadronization. The locus of the transition in terms of the "Baryon" chemical potential, $\mu$, and the temperature, $T$, is $\mu=2\pi T$.