The Virgo Newtonian calibration system for the O4 observing run
Abstract
After initial tests performed during previous observing runs, a Newtonian Calibrator (NCal) system was developed and installed on the Virgo gravitational wave detector for the O4 observing run. This system, which is continuously operated, provides the absolute calibration of Virgo for this run. Its 1-σ uncertainty of 0.17\% on the amplitudes of the injected signals is better than that obtained with other calibration techniques like the photon calibrator (PCal). This paper presents this NCal system and details the different sources of uncertainties
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