Class number behavior in a two-tiered tower of $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions

Abstract

Let $k_\infty$ be the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension field of an algebraic number field $k$. Moreover, we take a $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension $K_\infty$ over $k_\infty$. In this paper, we study the behavior of the $p$-part of the class number of certain intermediate fields of $K_\infty /k$. We also consider the structure of the unramified Iwasawa module of $K_\infty / k_\infty$ for several cases.