Planar Hall supercurrent and {\delta}{\phi}-shift in the topological Josephson junction

Abstract

We theoretically investigate Josephson junctions comprising superconductors and ferromagnets on the surface of three-dimensional topological insulators. We use Bogoliubov-deGennes formalism and show the in-plane magnetization creates a difference between the upward and downward population of Andreev modes and produces a planar Hall supercurrent. Due to the strong spin-orbit interaction of Dirac fermions, bending on the supercurrent imposes a spin transfer torque on the junction. We develop a theory and demonstrate the relation between planar Hall supercurrent and spin transfer torque. The parallel component of in-plane magnetization creates an anomalous supercurrent that can flow even in zero superconducting phase difference and make $\delta\phi$-junction. We show in some range,$\pi/2d \leq m_y \leq \pi/d$, there is a $\pi$ shift in the Josephson supercurrent. This research advances our understanding of quantum transport in 3DTIs and highlights their potential in emerging quantum technologies.