Dilepton production from moaton quasiparticles
Abstract
The phase diagram of QCD may contain a moat regime in a large region of temperature T and chemical potential μ≠0. A moat regime is characterized by quasiparticle moatons (pions) whose energy is minimal at nonzero spatial momentum. At μ≠ 0, higher mass dimension operators play a critical role in a moat regime. At dimension six, there are nine possible gauge invariant couplings between scalars and photons. For back-to-back dilepton production, only one operator contributes, which significantly enhances production near a moat threshold. This enhancement is an experimental signature of moatons.
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