A Taxonomy of Hoare-Like Logics: Towards a Holistic View using Predicate Transformers and Kleene Algebras with Top and Tests

Abstract

We study Hoare-like logics, including partial and total correctness Hoare logic, incorrectness logic, Lisbon logic, and many others through the lens of predicate transformers \`a la Dijkstra and through the lens of Kleene algebra with top and tests (TopKAT). Our main goal is to give an overview - a taxonomy - of how these program logics relate, in particular under different assumptions like for example program termination, determinism, and reversibility. As a byproduct, we obtain a TopKAT characterization of Lisbon logic, which - to the best of our knowledge - is a novel result.