Enhancement of Microwave to Optical Spin-Based Quantum Transduction via a Magnon Mode

Abstract

We propose a new method for converting single microwave photons to single optical sideband photons based on spinful impurities in magnetic materials. This hybrid system is advantageous over previous proposals because (i) the implementation allows much higher transduction rates ($10^{3}$ times faster at the same optical pump Rabi frequency) than state-of the art devices, (ii) high-efficiency transduction is found to happen in a significantly larger space of device parameters (in particular, over $1$ GHz microwave detuning), and (iii) it does not require mode volume matching between optical and microwave resonators. We identify the needed magnetic interactions as well as potential materials systems to enable this speed-up using erbium dopants for telecom compatibility. This is an important step towards realizing high-fidelity entangling operations between remote qubits and will provide additional control of the transduction through perturbation of the magnet.