Dirac and chiral spin liquids on spin-1/2 square-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet
Abstract
We revisit the challenging problem of identifying the quantum spin liquid candidate in the spin-1/2 J1-J2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the square lattice. By integrating the Gutzwiller-guided density matrix renormalization group method with analytical analyses, we present clear evidence that the ground state is a Z2 Dirac spin liquid. This state can be efficiently described by a Gutzwiller-projected parton theory characterized by its projective symmetry group. To distinguish the difference between the projected Z2 and U(1) parton state, we investigate the chiral spin liquid ground states as topological orders by incorporating a J term into the J1-J2 model and observe a transition from a Z2 chiral spin liquid to a U(1)2 chiral spin liquid as J increases.
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