On the arithmetic inner product formula and central derivatives of L-functions

Abstract

This research provides a formal definition of the arithmetic theta lift for cusp forms of weight $3/2$ and establishes the arithmetic inner product formula, thereby completing the Kudla program on modular curves. This formula is demonstrated to be equivalent to the Gross-Zagier formula, for which we provide a new proof. Additionally, the authors introduce a new arithmetic representation for the central derivatives of L-functions associated with cusp forms of higher weight. Although this representation differs from Zhang's higher weight Gross-Zagier formula, it maintains a significant connection to it. This study also proposes a conjecture indicating that the vanishing of derivatives of L-functions is determined by the algebraicity of the coefficients of harmonic weak Maass forms. A consistent approach is employed to study both parts of this work.