Persian Version of Wayfinding Questionnaire

Abstract

Spatial navigation ability is essential for daily functioning, and the Wayfinding Questionnaire (WQ) is a validated self-report tool assessing this ability through 22 items across three subscales: Navigation and Orientation (11 items), Distance Estimation (3 items), and Spatial Anxiety (8 items). This study introduces the Persian translation of the WQ, adapted for Persian-speaking populations using a rigorous forward-backward translation, cognitive debriefing, and cultural adaptation process to ensure alignment with the original tool's reliability and validity. The Persian WQ provides a complete assessment of spatial navigation skills and identifies potential navigation challenges. Furthermore, the Persian WQ serves as a valuable resource for future research exploring spatial navigation and memory in diverse populations.