Quantum lattice transport along an infinitely extended perturbation

Abstract

We consider a periodic quantum graph in the form of a rectangular lattice with the $\delta$-coupling of strength $\gamma$ in the vertices perturbed by changing the latter at an infinite straight array of vertices to a $\widetilde\gamma\ne\gamma$. We analyze the band spectrum of the system and show that it remains preserved as a set provided $\widetilde\gamma>\gamma>0$ while for all the other combinations additional band appear in some or all gaps of the unperturbed system. We also prove that for a randomly chosen positive energy, the probability of existence of a state exponentially localized in the vicinity of the perturbation equals $\frac12$.