Full symmetric Toda system and vector fields on the group $SO_n(\R)$

Abstract

In this paper we discuss the relation between the functions that give first integrals of full symmetric Toda system (an important Hamilton system on the space of traceless real symmetric matrices) and the vector fields on the group of orthogonal matrices: it is known that this system is equivalent to an ordinary differential equation on the orthogonal group, and we extend this observation further to its first integrals. As a by-product we describe a representation of the Lie algebra of $B^+(\R)$-invariant functions on the dual space of Lie algebra $\mathfrak{sl}_n(\R)$ (under the canonical Poisson structure) by vector fields on $SO_n(\R)$.