First principles phase diagram calculation and theoretical investigation of electronic structure properties of $\mathrm{KCuTe_{1-x}Se_{x}}$ for photocathode applications

Abstract

Recent high-throughput studies of copper-based semiconductors have identified potassium-based copper chalcogenides, KCuA (A $\in$ Te, Se, S) as optimal light absorbers in photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical devices. In this work, we investigate the applicability of $\mathrm{KCuTe_{1-x}Se_{x}}$ as photocathode materials using first-principles calculations. The calculated temperature-composition phase diagram predicts the formation of the solid solution of $\mathrm{KCuTe_{1-x}Se_{x}}$ in the hexagonal structure beyond a maximum critical temperature of 322 K. Structure relaxation in the alloy competes with volume deformation of the parent lattice and charge exchange between (Te, Se) anions to produce a net linear variation in the bandgap with the alloy concentration. The following results suggest that this alloy is a suitable photocathode: i) lower effective mass, and hence a higher mobility of electrons in the alloy compared to the end compounds, ii) an absorption coefficient of the order of $\mathrm{10^{5}\ cm^{-1}}$, and iii) an appropriate alignment of the conduction band with respect to the hydrogen reduction reaction.