The pseudospectrum for the Kerr black hole with spin $s=0$ case

Abstract

We investigate the pseudospectrum of the Kerr black hole, which indicates the instability of the spectrum of quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the Kerr black hole. Methodologically, we use the hyperboloidal framework to cast the QNM problem into a two-dimensional eigenvalue problem associated with a non-self-adjoint operator, and then the spectrum and pseudospectrum are solved by imposing the two-dimensional Chebyshev collocation method. The (energy) norm is constructed by using the conserved current method for the spin $s=0$ case. For the finite rank approximation of the operator, we discuss the convergence of pseudospectra using various norms, each involving different orders of derivatives. The convergence of the pseudospectrum improves as the order of the derivatives increases. We find that an increase in the imaginary part of complex frequency can deteriorate the convergence of the pseudospectrum under the condition of the same norms.