EPR Paradox, Bell Inequalities and Peculiarities of Quantum Correlations

Abstract

Quantum theory revolutionised physics by introducing a new fundamental constant and a new mathematical framework to describe the observed phenomena at the atomic scale. These new concepts run counter to our familiar notions of classical physics, and pose questions about how to understand quantum physics as a fundamental theory of nature. Peculiarities of quantum correlations underlie all these questions, and this article describes their formulation, tests and resolution within the standard framework of quantum theory.