Control of the half-heat equation

Abstract

In this paper we investigate null-controllable initial states of the half heat equation controlled from a sub-arc $\omega$ of the unit circle. We also study the projection on positive frequencies of the half-heat equation. For this projected half-heat equation, we obtain necessary as well as sufficient conditions for an initial condition to be null-controllable. These conditions, which are almost sharp, are expressed in term of projections on positive frequencies of functions supported on $\omega$. From these results, and with the help of classical results on sum of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic functions, we also treat the (unprojected) half-heat equation. Surprisingly, without using our conditions on null-controllable states, we are able to show that the space of null-controllable functions does not depend on time by using a result of separation of singularities for holomorphic functions.