Oriented 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Metal Halides by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) Metal Halides present unique and tunable properties. However, direct and oriented synthesis is challenging due to low formation energies that lead to rapid, uncontrolled growth during solution-based processing. Here, we report the solvent-free growth of oriented and n = 1 2D (PEA)2PbI4 RP films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). In situ photoluminescence (PL) during deposition reveals formation of the n =1 phase at the ear;y stages of growth. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and grazing-incidence wide-angle scattering (GIWAXS) confirm a single oriented n = 1 phase, independent of the substrate. Co-localized spatially resolved PL and AFM further validate the conformal growth on strained epitaxial MAPbI3 remain stable for over 184 days without any sign of cation exchange. This work highlights the potential of PLD for direct, room-temperature synthesis of 2D (PEA)2PbI4 RP films and stable 2D/3D heterostructures.
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