Laser power stabilization using conservation law in acoustic optic modulator

Abstract

Laser power stabilization plays an important role in modern precision instruments based on atom-laser interactions. Here we demonstrate an alternative active control method of laser power utilizing the conservation law in an acoustic optic modulator (AOM). By adjusting the 1st order beam power to dynamically follow the fluctuation of the total power of all diffraction beams, the 0th order application beam as the difference term, is stabilized. Experimental result demonstrates that the relative power noise of the controlled application beam is reduced by a factor of 200, reaching $4 \times 10^{-6} $ Hz$^{-1/2}$ at 10$^{-4}$ Hz compared with the uncontrolled total power. Allan deviation shows that the application beam reaches a relative power instability of 3.28$\times 10^{-6}$ at 500 s averaging time. In addition, the method allows a high availability of total power source. The method opens a new way of laser power stabilization and shall be very useful in applications such as atomic clocks, laser interferometers and gyroscopes.