A purely Quantum Generative Modeling through Unitary Scrambling and Collapse

Abstract

Quantum computing offers fundamentally more expressive mechanisms for generative modeling, yet current approaches remain constrained by classical neural components that bottleneck quantum capability and hardware efficiency. We propose the Quantum Scrambling and Collapse Generative Model (QGen), a purely quantum paradigm that eliminates classical dependencies. QGen implements two coherent processes: scrambling, which interleaves Gaussian diffusion channels with unitary delocalization to disperse information globally while avoiding collapse into uninformative states; and collapse, where parameterized quantum circuits refocus scrambled distributions into structured outputs, achieving distributional reconstruction under coherent evolution. To enable scalability, we introduce a measurement-based training principle that decomposes learning into tractable subproblems, mitigating barren plateaus. Empirically, QGen outperforms classical and hybrid baselines under matched parameter budget, while maintaining robustness under finite-shot sampling, demonstrating strong feasibility for near-term hardware.