Higher reflections and entropy of canonical shifts for inclusions of $C^*$-algebras with finite Watatani index

Abstract

Given a unital inclusion of simple $C^*$-algebras equipped with a conditional expectation of index-finite type, we study Fourier transforms and rotation operators and introduce the reflection operators on the relative commutants. We prove that the reflections are unital, involutive, $*$-preserving anti-homomorphisms that preserve certain Markov-type traces. As an application, we prove Fourier theoretic inequalities on the higher relative commutants and refine the existing constant in Young's inequality as presented in the current literature. By employing the reflection operators, we define a canonical shift on the von Neumann algebra generated by the relative commutants. We establish a connection between the Connes-St{\o}rmer entropy of the canonical shift and the minimal Watatani index.