Kernels for composition of positive linear operators

Abstract

This paper investigates the composition of Bernstein--Durrmeyer operators and Sz\'asz--Mirakjan--Durrmeyer operators, focusing on the structure and properties of the associated kernel functions. In the case of the Bernstein--Durrmeyer operators, we establish new identities for the kernel arising from the composition of two and three operators, from which the commutativity of these operators follows naturally. Building on the eigenstructure of the Bernstein--Durrmeyer operator $M_n$, we obtain a representation of the iterate $M_n^r$ as a linear combination of the operators $M_k$, for $k=0,1,\dots,n$. We also address the composition of Sz\'asz--Mirakjan--Durrmeyer operators and revisit a known result giving an elementary proof.