A Breathing Universe is Consistent
Abstract
We consider a toy FRW universe with the exotic topology S1 × S3. We show that for a specific choice of quantum field content, the semi-classical Friedman equations are consistent with temporal periodicity as required by the S1 timelike factor. A straightforward consequence is that entropy reversals occur during each cycle, consistent with Hawking's proposed connection between the thermodynamic and cosmological arrows of time.
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