Sensing magnonic quantum superpositions using a bosonic mode as the probe

Abstract

Sensing quantum superpositions of a magnonic mode has been accomplished using a superconducting qubit by realizing an effective dispersive interaction between the two systems. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that a seemingly classical bosonic mode can be utilized as a probe for sensing quantum superpositions of a magnon mode, while outperforming a qubit in various regards as the sensor. Considering another magnon mode in an antiferromagnet as the probe mode, we delineate the required dispersive coupling emerging directly from antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. When a phonon is used as the probe mode, we derive the effective dispersive coupling emerging from the lowest-order nonlinear magnon-phonon interactions. Our two considered examples provide the general design principles for identifying and utilizing a bosonic probe mode for sensing quantum superpositions in a physical platform of interest.