Large-scale anisotropies of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Abstract

Measurements of anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays are crucial to pinpoint their sources, which are yet to be discovered. A dipolar anisotropy in right ascension above 8~EeV has been detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory with a significance of $6.8 \sigma$. The direction of the dipole suggests an extragalactic origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above those energies. In this contribution, we provide an overview of the studies on large-scale anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory with energy thresholds from $\sim 0.03$~EeV up to $32$~EeV and we present and discuss the recent results achieved with the latest available dataset, which includes 19 years of operations -- resulting in a total exposure of 123,000~km$^2$~sr~yr and nearly 50,000 events above 8~EeV.