Revisiting the Penrose Process in Rotating Black Holes with Quantum Corrections: Implications for Energy Extraction and Irreducible Mass

Abstract

We explore the extraction of energy from a rotating black hole spacetime modified by a quantum correction parameter \( \alpha \). Focusing on particle splitting within the ergoregion, we analyze the Penrose process and compute the extraction efficiency \( \eta \) as a function of both the spin parameter \( a \) and the quantum correction parameter \( \alpha \). Our results show that increasing \( \alpha \) induces an inward shift of the event horizon and the static limit, resulting in a modest expansion of the ergoregion. This geometric change significantly enhances the energy extraction potential. By numerically solving the horizon equation, we determine a maximum extraction efficiency of 11.64\%. Additionally, we derive the expression for the irreducible mass, highlighting its fundamental role in constraining the amount of extractable rotational energy. Overall, our findings demonstrate that quantum corrections have a substantial impact on black hole energetics, leading to marked deviations from predictions based on classical Kerr theory.