Deterministic Néel vector switching of altermagnets via magnetic octupole torque

Abstract

Altermagnets have recently emerged as promising materials for next-generation spintronic devices. For their device applications, realizing a single-domain configuration is essential but remains challenging. We theoretically consider injecting magnetic multipoles into altermagnets, which can be achieved by applying an in-plane current to an altermagnet/normal metal bilayer. We demonstrate for $d$-wave altermagnets that the torque generated by the magnetic octupole injection can achieve magnetic-field-free deterministic switching of the altermagnets' Néel vector and transform their multidomain configurations into a single domain. This method allows the switching in diverse altermagnets, thereby facilitating their device applications and fundamental studies. This work also exemplifies the usefulness of magnetic multipole currents.