On finite-energy solutions of Kazan-Warner equations on the lattice graph

Abstract

We investigate finite-energy solutions to Kazdan-Warner type equations in 2-dimensional integer lattice graph $$ - Δu= \varepsilon e^{κu} +βδ_0\quad {\rm in}\ \mathbb{Z}^2,$$ where $\varepsilon=\pm1$, $κ>0$ and $β\in\mathbb{R}$. When $\varepsilon=1$, we prove the existence of a continuous family of finite-energy solutions for some parameter $κ$. This provides a partial resolution of the open problem on the existence of finite-energy solutions to the Liouville equation. When $\varepsilon=-1$ and $β>\frac{4π}κ$, we prove that the set of finite-energy solutions exhibits a layer structure. Moreover, we derive the extremal solution in this case.