The Light Neutralino Dark Matter at Future Colliders in the MSSM with the Generalized Minimal Supergravity (GmSUGRA)

Abstract

We perform a detailed investigation of light right-handed slepton bulk regions, together with the Higgs- and $Z$-resonance regimes, in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with Generalized Minimal Supergravity (GmSUGRA), focusing on the higgsino mass parameter scenario $\mu < 0$, given that the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon may now be consistent with the Standard Model (SM) prediction. A systematic numerical exploration of the parameter space is carried out, where the bulk region is conservatively defined by the mass-splitting ratio \[ \mathcal{R}_{\tilde{\phi}} = \frac{m_{\tilde{\phi}} - m_{\tilde{\chi}_1^0}}{m_{\tilde{\chi}_1^0}} \gtrsim 10\%. \] In particular, we analyze the case in which the right-handed stau ($\tilde{\tau}_R$) emerges as the Next-to-Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (NLSP). We uncover a sizeable parameter space consistent with current experimental bounds, including limits from LHC supersymmetry searches, the Planck 2018 relic density measurement, and direct detection constraints on neutralino-nucleon scattering. This region naturally accommodates bulk annihilation channels mediated by right-handed sleptons. We obtain robust upper bounds on the masses of the lightest neutralino, $m_{\tilde{\chi}_1^0} \lesssim 143~\text{GeV}$, and the right-handed stau, $m_{\tilde{\tau}_R} \lesssim 158~\text{GeV}$. The identified bulk region lies within the prospective reach of forthcoming dark matter direct detection facilities such as LUX-ZEPLIN, as well as future high-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders including FCC$_{\text{ee}}$ and CEPC. Conversely, scenarios with the right-handed selectron as the NLSP have already been excluded by current LHC data. Furthermore, the parameter space consistent with our findings yields contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $a_\mu = (g_\mu - 2)/2$.