Mass Spectra of $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$, $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ and $qq\bar{s}\bar{s}$ Tetraquarks using Regge Phenomenology

Abstract

In this paper, we explore the mass spectra of $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$, $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ and $qq\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquarks by employing Regge phenomenology. We calculate the range for ground state masses of $qq\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquarks, and estimate the Regge parameters for their trajectories in $(J,M^2)$ plane. Using these Regge parameters we have calculated range for the excited state masses of $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$, $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ and $qq\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquarks in $(J,M^2)$ plane. Also, we have investigated the mass spectra of $qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$, $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ and $qq\bar{s}\bar{s}$ tetraquarks for their excited radial states in $(n,M^2)$ plane. We predict the potential quantum numbers of some newly observed experimental states, which necessitate additional validation, and assess the higher orbital and radial excited states that may be identified in the near future. The obtained mass relations and mass values of tetraquarks can be useful in future experimental searches and the spin-parity assignment of these states. Our findings provide valuable insights into the structure and properties of tetraquarks, contributing to the broader understanding of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).