Odd hypergraph Mantel theorems

Abstract

A classical result of Sidorenko (1989) shows that the Tur\'{a}n density of every $r$-uniform hypergraph with three edges is bounded from above by $1/2$. For even $r$, this bound is tight, as demonstrated by Mantel's theorem on triangles and Frankl's theorem on expanded triangles. In this note, we prove that for odd $r$, the bound $1/2$ is never attained, thereby answering a question of Keevash and revealing a fundamental difference between hypergraphs of odd and even uniformity. Moreover, our result implies that the expanded triangles form the unique class of three-edge hypergraphs whose Tur\'{a}n density attains $1/2$.