Raman-Accelerated Power Depletion of Fundamental Mode in a Few-Mode Fiber in the Visible Spectral Range

Abstract

We experimentally and numerically investigate Raman-driven power depletion in the fundamental mode of few-mode fibers (FMFs) excited by visible ultrashort pulses. Using a tunable femtosecond laser and SMF-28 fibers operated below the single-mode cutoff wavelength, we explore nonlinear mode dynamics through precise coupling, holographic mode decomposition, and spectral analysis. Experiments on 12-meter and 50-meter fibers reveal significant energy transfer to higher-order modes via intermodal Raman scattering. These findings advance our understanding of nonlinear propagation in FMFs, with important implications for high-power laser delivery and next-generation optical communication systems.