Unusual dependence on the angle of magnetic field for the spin Hall magnetoresistance of monodomain epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films

Abstract

Spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) measurements provide a way to probe the surface spin structure of insulating magnetic materials. Such measurements produce resistance signals of the form {$\Delta$}R {$\propto$} cos[2($\alpha$-$\alpha$$_0$)], where $\alpha$ is the angle between the current and the external in-plane magnetic field. Previous experiments on a wide range of materials have found $\alpha$$_0$ = 0$\deg$ for ferromagnets and $\alpha$$_0$ = 90$\deg$ for antiferromagnets. Here we investigate SMR in bilayers of Pt with monodomain BiFeO$_3$ multiferroic epitaxial thin films. We observe signals of the form {$\Delta$}R {$\propto$} cos[2($\alpha$-$\alpha$$_0$)] but surprisingly the angle $\alpha$$_0$ can take values very different from 90$\deg$ or 0$\deg$, with large variations from sample to sample. The aim of the paper is to report this striking departure from the expected magnetic field dependence of SMR and to encourage consideration of possible microscopic mechanisms.