A Low-Cost ATmega32-Based Embedded System for Automated Patient Queue and Health Data Management in Private Medical Chambers

Abstract

This paper presents a low-cost, stand-alone embedded system that automates patient queue handling and basic health data acquisition for small private medical chambers. The proposed design separates interaction into two physically distinct modules: a patient's self-service corner for entering basic details and measuring vital signs, and a doctor's corner for reviewing the current patient's information and advancing the queue. A single ATmega32 microcontroller coordinates both modules, interfacing with an LM35 temperature sensor, an XD-58C pulse sensor, matrix keypads for data entry, and dual 16$\times$2 LCDs for guided interaction and clinician-side display. Unlike IoT-first approaches that require continuous connectivity and higher deployment overhead, the system operates offline and provides deterministic local operation suitable for resource-constrained settings. Experimental validation shows temperature readings within $\pm 1^{\circ}$C (LM35 range tested), resting pulse readings within $\pm 3$~BPM, and button-to-display latency below 1.2~s, demonstrating reliable real-time performance under limited hardware resources.