The simplicity of complexity: a story of mathematical outreach

Abstract

Mathematics is often perceived as difficult or inaccessible, yet meaningful engagement can arise in unexpected places. In this article we describe a multi-year exploration of mathematical outreach through games, puzzles, exhibitions, and artistic activities. Starting from a small science festival exhibit, our work developed into a broad collection of experiences showcased at game festivals, museums, and the World Expos in Dubai (2021/2022) and Osaka (2025). We discuss the principles that shaped these activities -- simplicity, atmosphere, mediation, and progressive depth -- and how mathematical ideas from topology, geometry, and logic can be incorporated into playful and creative formats. The story illustrates how low-threshold engagement and carefully designed experiences can open doors to research-level mathematics for audiences of all ages and backgrounds.