On Properly $\theta$-Congruent Numbers Over Real Number Fields

Abstract

The notion of $\theta$-congruent numbers generalizes the classical congruent number problem. Recall that a positive integer $n$ is $\theta$-congruent if it is the area of a rational triangle with an angle $\theta$ whose cosine is rational. Das and Saikia [2] established criteria for numbers to be $\theta$-congruent over certain real number fields and concluded their work by posing four open questions regarding the relationship between $\theta$-congruent and properly $\theta$-congruent numbers. In this work, we provide complete answers to those questions. Indeed, we remove a technical assumption from their result on fields with degrees coprime to $6$, provide a definitive answer for real cubic fields without congruence restrictions, extend the analysis to fields of degree~$6$, and examine the exceptional cases $n=1, 2, 3$ and $6$.