Unveiling Explicit Patterns: Exact Steady States and Stability in a Confined Chemotaxis Model

Abstract

Inspired by Carrillo-Li-Wang's work [Proc. London Math. Soc., 2021] on stationary solutions to the singular Keller-Segel system, this paper presents a novel family of explicit steady-state solutions for the same model on a bounded interval, expressed in terms of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions. Under Dirichlet boundary conditions and within a biologically stable parameter regime, these solutions, including singular types such as secant and cosecant, are rigorously derived and analyzed. Their stability is established via energy methods, yielding precise thresholds for pattern persistence. These results provide valuable benchmarks for numerical validation and offer insights into boundary-driven pattern formation.