Frenet Immersed Finite Element Spaces on Triangular Meshes

Abstract

In this paper, we develop geometry-conforming immersed finite element (IFE) spaces on triangular meshes for elliptic interface problems. The construction is built on a Frenet-Serret mapping that transforms a smooth interface curve into a straight line, so that the interface jump conditions can be imposed exactly. Extending the framework of [9] from rectangular meshes to triangular meshes, we introduce three types of high-order Frenet-IFE constructions: an initial construction using monomial bases, a general construction using orthogonal polynomials, and reconstructed IFE bases designed to improve the conditioning of the mass matrix. The approximation properties of these new IFE spaces are investigated through extensive numerical experiments. We also incorporate the new IFE spaces into interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods for solving elliptic interface problems, and demonstrate optimal convergence rates in $H^1$- and $L^2$- norms.