Complex Mass Shells for Coloured quarks and their Asymptotic Confinement

Abstract

The present paper is the continuation of our previous work (R. Kerner and J. Lukierski, Nuclear Physics B, 2021) where we introduced a Z3-symmetric covering of the Lorentz group as a natural symmetry describing the quark fields. In the current version of QCD quarks are described by coloured triplets of standard Dirac fields. In contrast, we proposed to describe the colour triplets of quarks by entangled Z_3-graded Lee-Wick type fields, one with real mass and the two remaining ones with mutually conjugate complex masses. This is obtained by attributing colour degrees of freedom to six Pauli spinors, three endowed with colours and three with anti-colours, which are united into one 12-component generalized ``coloured Dirac spinor". Thus entangled triplet of quark fields is described on-shell by a linear Schoeodinger-like system akin to the Dirac equation. The sixth-order dispersion relations lead to solutions suitably vanishing in asymptotic region, exhibiting the well established confinement property of coloured quarks' degrees of freedom. We add that in the so modified approach to QCD one should employ in the quark sector the Z3-graded extension of the Lorentz symmetries, which do not commute with hidden SU(3) colour transformations (see Kerner and Lukierski 2021, Kerner 2018}). Propagators and interaction with gluon and electromagnetic fields are discussed in the last section.