On the Realization of Quantum State Teleportation in Proton Systems

Abstract

We discuss how to generate entangled Bell states of two nucleons using unpolarized nucleon-nucleon scattering or the exclusive deuteron breakup reaction. We follow the the approach of Z. X. Shen et al., arXiv:2510.24325v1 [nucl-th], where Bell states were identified in unpolarized proton-proton elastic scattering. We confirm these results and show that, in the unpolarized proton-deuteron breakup reaction, it is also possible to generate proton-proton entangled Bell states in kinematically complete proton-proton quasi-free scattering (QFS) and final-state interaction (FSI) configurations. We also discuss an experimental setup that, by exploiting such entangled states, could enable the teleportation of quantum mechanical states in a three-proton system. Such an experiment requires triple coincidences among the outgoing nucleons, which precludes the use of entangled Bell states generated with extremely polarized incoming particles. Since counting rates for unpolarized reactions are much higher than for polarized ones, the present results open a pathway toward searching for signatures of quantum state teleportation in hadronic systems.