On integrals of non-autonomous dynamical systems in finite characteristic

Abstract

We use a difference Lax form to construct simultaneous integrals of motion of the fourth Painlev\'e equation and the difference second Painlev\'e equation over fields with finite characteristic $p>0$. For $p\neq 3$, we show that the integrals can be normalised to be completely invariant under the corresponding extended affine Weyl group action. We show that components of reducible fibres of integrals correspond to reductions to Riccatti equations. We further describe a method to construct non-rational algebraic solutions in a given positive characteristic. We also discuss a projective reduction of the integrals.