Precise Measurement of Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry with Entangled Hyperon Antihyperon Pairs

Abstract

A search for $CP$ violation with an entangled system of $Ξ^-\barΞ^+$ pairs is performed, using $(10,087\pm44)\times10^{6}$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII experiment. A nine-dimensional helicity amplitude is used to fit $e^+e^- \to J/ψ\toΞ^-\barΞ^+$ and its subsequent decays. The $Ξ^-$ and $Ξ^+$ decay parameters are determined with higher precision compared to the best results reported so far. Furthermore, the strong phase difference, $(δ_P-δ_S)=(0.3\pm1.2\pm0.2)\times10^{-2}~\text{rad}$, and the weak phase difference, $(ξ_P-ξ_S)=(-0.2\pm1.2\pm0.1)\times10^{-2}~\text{rad}$, are directly determined. These are the most precise measurements to date. The $CP$ asymmetry observables $A_{CP}^Ξ=(-7.8\pm4.8\pm0.8)\times10^{-3}$ and $Δϕ_{CP}^Ξ=(0.6\pm5.1\pm0.2)\times10^{-3}~\text{rad}$ are determined, which are consistent with $CP$ conservation. In addition, independent measurements of the $Λ$ decay parameter and $CP$ asymmetry $A^Λ_{CP}=(-2.9\pm4.3\pm0.7)\times10^{-3}$ are also obtained, which are in agreement with the previous measurements, but with much improved precision.