Four Limit Cycles in Three-Dimensional Competitive Lotka-Volterra Systems of Class 28 in Zeeman's Classification

Abstract

In this paper, a three-dimensional competitive Lotka-Volterra system with four limit cycles is constructed for class 28 in Zeeman's classification. Combined with existing results -- from Gyllenberg and Yan (2009) for class 27, from Wang, Huang and Wu (2011) for class 29, and from Yu, Han and Xiao (2016) for class 26 -- our finding indicates that there exist systems with at least four limit cycles for each class among classes 26 $-$ 29.