Asymptotic correlation functions of Coulomb gases on an annulus

Abstract

Two-dimensional Coulomb gases on an annulus at a special inverse temperature $\beta = 2$ are studied by using the orthogonal polynomial method borrowed from the theory of random matrices. The correlation functions among the Coulomb gas molecules are written in determinant forms and their asymptotic forms in the thermodynamic limit are evaluated. When the Coulomb gas system has a continuous rotational symmetry, the corresponding orthogonal polynomials are monomials, and one can see a universal behavior of the correlation functions in a thin annulus limit. In a system with a discrete rotational symmetry, the corresponding orthogonal polynomials are not in general monomials, and a breakdown of the universality is observed.