Pumping of spin supercurrent in unitary triplet superconductors

Abstract

One efficient mechanism for generating a charge supercurrent is Andreev reflection, in which the electric current injected from a normal metal into a conventional superconductor is converted into a supercurrent, thereby preserving charge conservation. We here propose a general principle for generating spin supercurrents in triplet superconductors by analogy with such charge transport, i.e., assuming spin conservation. We find a spin torque that is proportional to the triplet superconducting order parameter and, in the spin-conservation scenario, converts the particle spin to that of Cooper pairs. Based on this general principle, we propose an implementation to efficiently generate a spin supercurrent in unitary triplet superconductors, even though Cooper pairs carry no spin polarization at equilibrium, by the magnetization dynamics ${\bf M}(t)$ of a proximity magnetic nanostructure. The efficiency of this spin pumping is not solely limited to the $d{\bf M}/dt\times {\bf M}$ due to the emergent particle-hole symmetry, thereby going beyond the conventional spin pumping of electrons. This general principle provides an efficient approach to generating and manipulating dissipationless spin currents in many unconventional superconductors.