Detecting the Unexpected: AI-Driven Anomaly Detection in Smart Bridge Monitoring

Abstract

Bridges are critical components of national infrastructure and smart cities. Therefore, smart bridge monitoring is essential for ensuring public safety and preventing catastrophic failures or accidents. Traditional bridge monitoring methods rely heavily on human visual inspections, which are time-consuming and prone to subjectivity and error. This paper proposes an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven anomaly detection approach for smart bridge monitoring. Specifically, a simple machine learning (ML) model is developed using real-time sensor data collected by the iBridge sensor devices installed on a bridge in Norway. The proposed model is evaluated against different ML models. Experimental results demonstrate that the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN)-based model outperforms in accurately detecting the anomalous events (bridge accident). These findings indicate that the proposed model is well-suited for smart bridge monitoring and can enhance public safety by enabling the timely detection of unforeseen incidents.