Exact Generalized Langevin Dynamics of Pair Coordinates in Elastic Networks

Abstract

Generalized Langevin equations (GLEs) provide a powerful framework for describing slow dynamics in soft-matter systems, but deriving an exact homogeneous GLE (hGLE) for a reaction coordinate from an underlying many-body system remains generally difficult. Here, we analytically derive an exact hGLE for the relative coordinate of two tagged beads in arbitrary elastic networks. The memory kernel and effective restoring force are expressed explicitly in terms of the network matrices, thereby providing a systematic reduction of the high-dimensional network dynamics to a pair coordinate. Within the small-displacement approximation, we further derive a hGLE for the inter-bead distance, a central observable in distance-sensitive single-molecule experiments. These results therefore have broad potential applications in modeling proteins and other soft-matter systems.