Quantum state transfer on a scalable network under unital and non-unital noise

Abstract

We investigate quantum state transfer on a class of bipartite graphs, namely the butterfly graphs, within the framework of discrete-time quantum walks. These graphs facilitate the construction of scalable quantum networks that enable communication between a sender and a receiver via perfect state transfer. Our analysis demonstrates that state transfer occurs across different butterfly graphs, thereby extending the known families of networks that support high-fidelity quantum state transfer. In addition to the ideal noiseless dynamics, we further investigate the robustness of quantum state transfer in the presence of non-Markovian environmental noise, specifically, random telegraph noise, modified Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise, which are examples of unital noise and non-Markovian amplitude damping noise, non-unital noise. These noise models capture different types of system-environment interactions and memory effects that influence the coherence of the quantum walk. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of how butterfly graph constructions influence quantum transport phenomena.