Quantum entanglement in electron-nucleus collisions: Role of the linearly polarized gluon distribution

Abstract

We calculate the spin density matrix of a back-to-back quark-antiquark pair inclusively produced in electron-nucleus scattering, taking into account the gluon saturation effect and the linearly polarized gluon distribution. We then investigate concurrence and stabilizer R\'enyi entropy, quantifying entanglement, Bell-nonlocality, and magic. We find that the linearly polarized gluon distribution tends to enhance the entanglement of a heavy quark pair when the total and relative transverse momenta of the pair are orthogonal.