Parabolic weak porosity and parabolic Muckenhoupt distance functions

Abstract

We develop the parabolic weak porosity to characterize the parabolic Muckenhoupt $A_1$ weights with time-lag. Our main result shows that a nonempty closed set is parabolic weakly porous if and only if the parabolic distance function of the set to a negative power is in the parabolic Muckenhoupt $A_1$ class. We apply a novel stopping time argument in combination with the translation and doubling results for the parabolic weakly porous sets.